Modulation of protein biophysical properties by chemical glycosylation: biochemical insights and biomedical implications

Glycosylation constitutes one of the most important posttranslational modifications employed by biological systems to modulate protein biophysical properties. Due to the direct biochemical and biomedical implications of achieving control over protein stability and function by chemical means, there has been great interest in recent years towards the development of chemical strategies for protein glycosylation. Since current knowledge about glycoprotein biophysics has been mainly derived from the study of naturally glycosylated proteins, chemical glycosylation provides novel insights into its mechanistic understanding by affording control over glycosylation parameters. This review presents a survey of the effects that natural and chemical glycosylation have on the fundamental biophysical properties of proteins (structure, dynamics, stability, and function). This is complemented by a mechanistic discussion of how glycans achieve such effects and discussion of the implications of employing chemical glycosylation as a tool to exert control over protein biophysical properties within biochemical and biomedical applications. Received 15 December 2006; received after revision 28 March 2007; accepted 25 April 2007     

Telomeres and meiosis in health and disease

Telomeres are important segments of chromosomes that protect chromosome ends from nucleolytic degradation and fusion. At meiosis telomeres display an unprecedented behavior which involves their attachment and motility along the nuclear envelope. The movements become restricted to a limited nuclear sector during the so-called bouquet stage, which is widely conserved among species. Recent observations suggest that telomere clustering involves actin and/or microtubules, and is altered in the presence of impaired recombinogenic and chromosome related functions. This review aims to provide an overview of what is currently known about meiotic telomere attachment, dynamics and regulation in synaptic meiosis.     

OFDM系统中的峰值平均包络功率比上下界的分析

本文主要对OFDM系统中的峰值平均包络功率比(PMEPR)的上下界进行了推导.推导结果表明,PMEPR的上界仅和数据序列的非周期自相关函数有关,这对于迅速去除PMEPR超过给定门限的数据序列是非常有用的.从推导的PMEPR下界看,只有当子载波数N很少时,它才会随N变化较大.针对一个16子载波的BPSK OFDM系统,本文借助于PMEPR的上界还对一种降低PMEPR的选择性映射技术进行了分析,并给出了所有可能信息序列的PMEPR分布.分析结果表明,最大PMEPR约为6.5dB,比最坏情况下的PMEPR减少了5.5dB.     

梁的失效包络图及失效评估

利用正则弯矩和正则曲率,提出了梁元失效包络图、工作状态图以及失效指标的概念.基于此,进一步提出了多跨梁的失效包络图、工作状态图及失效指标的概念,并定义了不同的失效指标.对一个三跨超静定连续梁进行了失效评估,提出了若干失效评估需进一步研究的课题.     

Mathematical model of the identical slope surface

The formation of the identical slope surface and the method of construction are discussed. On the basement of building the parameter equation of variable-radius circle family envelope, the frequently used parameter equation of the identical slope surface of the top of taper moving along column helix, horizental arc and line is built. The equation can be used to construct the identical slope surface’s contours, gradient lines and three dimensional figures correctly. Biography: Hu Jian-guo(1953-), male, Professor, research direction: CG and CAD.     

逆包络法及其应用

逆包络是指已知包络面(线)方程，而要求形成该包络的曲面族中一个曲面(线)的问题，本文集中介绍了求解逆包络问题的7种方法，并介绍他们各自的应用和当注意的问题．     

天门冬糖蛋白AG-b的研究

ＡＧ＿ｂ为４０％丙酮沉淀的天门冬糖蛋白级份,它的β－消去反应产物在２４３ｎｍ有紫外吸收峰,表明其糖和蛋白质连接键为０－型糖肽键。凝胶层析测定ＡＧ－ｂ中多糖部分ＰＡ－Ｉ分子量为２．１９×１０６。１３ＣＮＭＲ波谱显示,ＰＡ－Ｉ具有α１→２、α１→４和α１→６三种糖苷键,不含有糖醛酸组份。ＩＲ光谱显示,ＡＧ－ｂ在１２５０ｃｍ－１和１７３０ｃｍ－１处有吸收峰,说明其含乙酰基团。     

自适应冗余第2代小波设计及齿轮箱故障特征提取

针对强噪声背景下齿轮箱故障特征的提取问题,设计了一种提取该类信号时域特征的自适应冗余第2代小波.采用基于数据的优化算法设计每层小波分解的初始预测器和更新器,然后通过对初始预测器和更新器进行插值补零运算,来获得冗余预测器和更新器.第2代小波不需要剖分运算,利用冗余预测器和更新器直接对每层逼近信号进行预测和更新运算,能较好地保留信号的时域特征.采用第2代小波较理想地提取出了齿轮箱发生摩擦故障时的时域调制波形和周期性冲击脉冲,并对得到的细节和逼近信号进一步进行包络解调,从而分离出了故障调制源频率.结果表明,自适应冗余第2代小波对噪声背景下齿轮箱故障特征的提取效果优于其他小波.     

活载作用下简支梁弯矩包络图的分段原理

在一组活载作用下简支梁的弯矩包络图是一个分段函数的图形．本文提出了它的一般分段理论与建立分段函数的方法．     

鱼抗冻糖蛋白AFGP7－8的热滞研究

分析了鱼抗冻糖蛋白（ＡＦＧＰ７－８）的结构特点及在溶液中的特性，计算了ＡＦＧＰ７－８溶液的热滞，理论结果与实验数据较好地符合．